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Overview
The "Pi in the Sky" math challenge gives students a chance to take part in recent discoveries and upcoming celestial events, all while using math and pi just like NASA scientists and engineers. In this problem from the 10th set, students use pi to determine the volume of a rock core collected by the Perseverance Mars rover.
Materials
Background
This illustration shows a concept for multiple robots that would team up to ferry to Earth samples of rocks and soil being collected from the Martian surface by NASA's Mars Perseverance rover. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech | ⺠Full image and caption
Tubular Tally
NASAâs Mars rover, Perseverance, was designed to collect rock samples that will eventually be brought to Earth by a future mission. Sending objects from Mars to Earth is very difficult and something we've never done before. To keep the rock cores pristine on the journey to Earth, the rover hermetically seals them inside a specially designed sample tube. Once the samples are brought to Earth, scientists will be able to study them more closely with equipment that is too large to make the trip to Mars. In Tubular Tally, students use pi to determine the volume of a rock sample collected in a single tube.
- Teachable Moments: 10 Years of NASA's Pi Day ChallengeLearn more about pi, the history of Pi Day, and the science behind the 2023 NASA Pi Day Challenge.
Procedures
Tubular Tally
The Perseverance Mars rover is designed to collect rock samples that will eventually be brought to Earth for further study. This would be the first time we've ever brought back samples from Mars! After scientists identify an interesting rock they would like the rover to collect, Perseverance uses a special coring bit to drill out a rock cylinder 13 mm in diameter. As the rover drills, the rock core moves into one of 38 available tubes that will store the rock sample â sealed until it is opened one day in a lab on Earth.
If the coring bit collects a rock cylinder 60 mm in length, what is the volume of the rock in the sample tube?
⺠Learn more about the Mars Perseverance rover
Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech | + Expand image
Assessment
Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech | + Expand image
Extensions
Participate
Join the conversation and share your Pi Day Challenge answers with @NASAJPL_Edu on social media using the hashtag #NASAPiDayChallenge
- Pi Day Challenge LessonsHere's everything you need to bring the NASA Pi Day Challenge into the classroom.Grades 4-12 Time Varies
- NASA Pi Day ChallengeIn this challenge, students can use pi to solve some of the same problems faced by NASA scientists and engineersGrades 4-12 Time Varies
- Pi Day: What's Going 'RoundTell us what you're up to this Pi Day and share your stories and photos with NASA.
National Council of Teachers of Mathematics: Notice and Wonder
Creative brainstorming through noticing and wondering encourages student participation, engagement, and students' understanding of the NASA Pi Day Challenge.
Subject Mathematics
Blogs and Features
- How Many Decimals of Pi Do We Really Need?While you may have memorized more than 70,000 digits of pi, world record holders, a JPL engineer explains why you really only need a tiny fraction of that for most calculations.
- Slideshow: 18 Ways NASA Uses PiWhether it's sending spacecraft to other planets, driving rovers on Mars, finding out what planets are made of or how deep alien oceans are, pi takes us far at NASA. Find out how pi helps us explore space.
Related Lessons for Educators
- Robotic Arm ChallengeIn this challenge, students will create a model robotic arm to move items from one location to another. They will engage in the engineering design process to design, build and operate the arm.Grades K-8 Time 30 min to 1 hour
- NASA's Mission to Mars Student ChallengeTake part in the exploration of Mars and bring students along for the ride with NASA's Perseverance rover.Grades K-12 Time Varies
Related Activities for Students
- Collection: Exploring MarsMake a cardboard rover, design a Mars exploration video game and explore more STEM projects, slideshows and videos for students.Type Project Subject Science
Multimedia
Downloads
Can't get enough pi? Download this year's NASA Pi Day Challenge graphics, including mobile phone and desktop backgrounds:
- Pi in the Sky 10 Poster (PDF, 11.3 MB)
- Perseverance Mars Rover Background: Phone | Desktop
- James Webb Space Telescope Background: Phone | Desktop
- Psyche Mission Background: Phone | Desktop
- 2023 Eclipse Background: Phone | Desktop
- Infographic: Planet PiThis poster shows some of the ways NASA scientists and engineers use the mathematical constant pi (3.14) and includes common pi formulas.
Recursos en español
- 18 Maneras en Que la NASA Usa PiPi nos lleva lejos en la NASA. Estas son solo algunas de las formas en que pi nos ayuda a explorar el espacio.
Facts and Figures
- Mars Sample Handling
Websites
- Mars Exploration
- Mars Sample Return
- Perseverance Mars Rover
Videos
- Bringing Mars Rock Samples Back to Earth
Articles
- NASA's Perseverance Rover Completes Mars Sample Depot
